Aoun: Lebanon's Army Chief Becomes President

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Post on Jan 10, 2025

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Aoun: Lebanon's Army Chief Becomes President – A Pivotal Moment in Lebanese History

On October 31, 2016, Lebanon witnessed a historic moment: General Michel Aoun, the former commander of the Lebanese Armed Forces, was elected President after a two-year vacancy. This event marked a significant turning point in Lebanese politics, ending a prolonged period of political deadlock and raising hopes – and anxieties – for the future of the nation. This article delves into the context surrounding Aoun's election, his background, and the implications of his presidency for Lebanon.

The Long Road to Presidency: Understanding the Political Vacuum

Lebanon's presidential election process, famously complex, requires a two-thirds majority in the first round and a simple majority thereafter. For two years, the country struggled to elect a successor to Michel Suleiman, whose term ended in May 2014. This political stalemate reflected deep divisions within Lebanon's diverse sectarian political landscape, with various factions vying for power and influence. The vacuum created by the absence of a president severely hampered the country's ability to function effectively, particularly in addressing critical issues like security and economic stability. The prolonged absence of a president was a significant factor in destabilizing the country.

Key Players and Their Agendas

Several influential political figures played crucial roles in the protracted negotiations leading up to Aoun's election. These included:

• Hezbollah: The powerful Shia political and militant group, which exerted significant influence over the political process. Their support for Aoun was considered pivotal to his eventual victory.
• The Future Movement: Led by Saad Hariri, this Sunni political party held significant sway, and their stance on the presidential election was critical.
• The Free Patriotic Movement (FPM): Aoun's own party, which played a central role in rallying support for his candidacy.

The complex interplay of interests and alliances between these and other political factions shaped the political landscape and directly impacted the timing and outcome of the presidential election.

Michel Aoun: From General to President

Michel Aoun's background is intrinsically linked to Lebanese politics. A Maronite Christian, he served as Commander of the Lebanese Armed Forces from 1984 to 1990, a period marked by significant internal conflict and political turmoil. His subsequent political career was characterized by his strong stance against Syrian influence in Lebanon and his advocacy for a strong, independent nation.

Aoun's Political Stance and Ideology

Aoun's political ideology is complex and often described as nationalist and populist. His strong emphasis on Lebanese sovereignty and his often critical stance against external interference significantly shaped his public image and political platform. His appeal resonated with many Lebanese, particularly those who felt marginalized or disenfranchised by the existing political system.

The Implications of Aoun's Presidency

Aoun's election as President had far-reaching implications for Lebanon:

Domestic Policy

His presidency brought some stability, although the country continued to face economic challenges and deep-seated political divisions. His administration focused on issues like strengthening the army and improving infrastructure. However, critics pointed to shortcomings in addressing issues of corruption and economic reform.

Foreign Policy

Aoun's relationship with regional powers, particularly Syria and Iran, was a key aspect of his foreign policy. His views on these relationships significantly impacted Lebanon's position in the complex regional dynamics.

Conclusion: A Legacy Under Scrutiny

Michel Aoun's presidency was a defining period in Lebanese history. His election brought an end to a critical political stalemate, yet it also ushered in a new set of challenges and complexities. His legacy continues to be debated and analyzed, with perspectives varying widely depending on political affiliations and personal experiences. The period of his presidency serves as a powerful case study in the intricate workings of Lebanese politics and the enduring challenges of nation-building in a complex regional context. Understanding this pivotal moment is crucial to understanding the ongoing political and social landscape of Lebanon today.